Chinas Policy of Non-interference Faces Possible Modification A Cas

Introduction and Literature Review China and Sudan have a historical trading partnership dating back to the early 1950s, while the oil partnership, one of the most important aspects of the bilateral relations, was begun in the 1990s amid war and tumult. The Chinese government has largely maintained its policy of non-interference in the nation, which helped to strengthen the bilateral partnership. The main purpose of China?s non-interference policy is to cultivate rich and peaceful soil for the development of economy. Sudan and South Sudan are currently attempting to come to an agreement over disputed territories, and China has (for the most part) upheld its policy of non-interference. However, with the violence and threats, the policy has been placed under increasing pressure because it is actually working against its main goal: economic development. The following words are some existing literature on the subject. Qiao Shitong (law professor) believes that in recent years, China?s non-interference policy has been unde r increasing pressure, especially from the Western community. However, he claims that the principle of non-interference is ultimately in China?s best interest to uphold, but that a few modifications may be required. He advocates what is called ?soft interference,? or making suggestions and giving verbal guidance on internal matters. Opposing views argue that China is far too economically invested in these conflicted nations to disentangle itself from the political turmoil. Also, the policy does little or nothing to allay the issues of establishing safe and secure environments for investment, according to Berger and Wissenbach, which is needed in order to engender development and growth. In this essay it is necessary to explain why China?s best option is to officially modify its policy of non-interference for relations with Sudan and South Sudan due to the tension the policy created, the threat of violence towards Chinese investments and workers (as both of these reasons are negative ly affecting China?s economic growth), and the fact that China has not always stuck to the policy in the past. Alienating South Sudan The policy has had some negative backlash regarding China?s oil relations with the recently independent South Sudan, which undermines China?s energy security as well as potentially risks economic growth. Since the official Chinese stance is to recognize the official government in power in any given nation, before South Sudan became a nation the Chinese government did not recognize the government in Juba. China?s loyalty and official relations lay with the government in Khartoum. This caused initial relations to be quite rocky, and could very well have been the cause of directed violence towards Chinese workers. Moreover, some Southern Sudanese saw China?s non-interference as complicity with the north?s violence and human rights violations during the civil war. For this reason, there still exists much animosity towards China in South Sudan, especially over oil trading. In February of this year, the South Sudanese government forced the Chinese head of a major oil company to leave the country over allegations of conspiring with Sudan to steal oil. Whether or not the allegations are true, this is a prime example of China being caught in the middle of the conflict, suffering negative consequences in South Sudan and potentially harming the bilateral relationship. Since it is China?s policy to have official relations with the regime in power, when the opposition manages to establish its own state and government (as in the case of South Sudan) there is a high likelihood of feelings of negativity toward China for its lack of support, or even opposition to the new regime. Further evidence of the negative consequences can be seen in other countries. For example, the same violent backlash has also been seen in both Libya and Syria during the revolutions last year. China?s veto in the UN Security Council against intervention in Syria was seen by many in the Middle East as support for the current Assad regime. In Libya, many citizens and members of the new regime were angered by China?s supposed support of Gaddafi and the back and forth stance that China took, first supporting UN sanctions but later not supporting the NATO operations. There is ample evidence that the policy of non-interference has had negative consequences regarding bilateral relations between the newly-established South Sudan and China;

Guinn v. United States

Guinn v. United States Guinn v. United States was a United States Supreme Court case decided in 1915, dealing with the constitutionality of voter qualification provisions in state constitutions. Specifically, the court found residency-based â€Å"grandfather clause† exemptions to voter literacy tests- but not the tests themselves- to be unconstitutional. Literacy tests were used in several Southern states between the 1890s and 1960s as a way of preventing African Americans from voting. The unanimous decision in Guinn v. United States marked the first time the Supreme Court struck down a state law disenfranchising African Americans.   Fast Facts: Guinn v. United States Case Argued: Oct. 17, 1913Decision Issued: June 21, 1915Petitioners: Frank Guinn and J. J. Beal, Oklahoma election officialsRespondent: United StatesKey Questions: Did Oklahoma’s grandfather clause, in singling out black Americans as being required to take a voter literacy test, violate the U.S. Constitution? Did Oklahoma’s literacy test clause- without the grandfather clause- violate the U.S. Constitution?Majority Decision: Justices White, McKenna, Holmes, Day, Hughes, Van Devanter, Lamar, PitneyDissenting: None, but Justice McReynolds took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.Ruling: The Supreme Court ruled that residency-based â€Å"grandfather clause† exemptions to voter literacy tests- but not the tests themselves- were unconstitutional. Facts of the Case Shortly after it was admitted into the Union in 1907, the state of Oklahoma passed an amendment to its constitution requiring that citizens pass a literacy test before being allowed to vote. However, the state’s Voter Registration Act of 1910 contained a clause allowing voters whose grandfathers had either been eligible to vote before January 1, 1866, had been residents of â€Å"some foreign nation,† or had been soldiers, to vote without taking the test. Rarely affecting white voters, the clause disenfranchised many black voters because their grandfathers had been slaves before 1866 and were thus ineligible to vote.   As applied in most states, the literacy tests were highly subjective. Questions were confusingly worded and often had several possible correct answers. In addition, the tests were graded by white election officials who had been trained to discriminate against black voters. In one instance, for example, election officials rejected a black college graduate even though there was not â€Å"the slightest room for doubt as to whether† he was entitled to vote, concluded the U.S. Circuit Court. After the 1910 November midterm election, Oklahoma election officials Frank Guinn and J.J. Beal were charged in federal court with conspiring to fraudulently disenfranchise black voters, in violation of the Fifteenth Amendment. In 1911, Guinn and Beal were convicted and appealed to the Supreme Court. Constitutional Issues While the Civil Rights Act of 1866 had guaranteed U.S. citizenship without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude, it did not address the voting rights of former slaves. To bolster the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments of the Reconstruction-era, the Fifteenth Amendment, ratified on February 3, 1870, prohibited the federal government and the states from denying any citizen the right to vote based on their race, color, or previous condition of servitude. The Supreme Court faced two related Constitutional questions. First, did Oklahoma’s grandfather clause, in singling out black Americans as being required to take the literacy test, violate the U.S. Constitution? Second, did Oklahoma’s literacy test clause- without the grandfather clause- violate the U.S. Constitution? The Arguments The state of Oklahoma argued that the 1907 amendment to its state constitution was validly passed and clearly within the powers of the states granted by the Tenth Amendment. The Tenth Amendment reserves all powers not specifically granted to the U.S. government in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution to the states or to the people. Attorneys for the U.S. government chose to argue only against the constitutionality of the â€Å"grandfather clause† itself while conceding that literacy tests, if written and administered to be racially neutral, were acceptable. Majority Opinion In its unanimous opinion, delivered by Chief Justice C.J. White on June 21, 1915, the Supreme Court ruled that Oklahoma’s grandfather clause- having been written in a way to serve â€Å"no rational purpose† other than to deny African American citizens the right to vote- violated the Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The convictions of Oklahoma election officials Frank Guinn and J.J. Beal were thus upheld. However, since the government had previously conceded the point, Justice White wrote that, â€Å"No time need be spent on the question of the validity of the literacy test, considered alone, since, as we have seen, its establishment was but the exercise by the State of a lawful power vested in it not subject to our supervision, and, indeed, its validity is admitted.† Dissenting Opinion As the court’s decision was unanimous, with only Justice James Clark McReynolds not taking part in the case, no dissenting opinion was issued. The Impact In overturning Oklahoma’s grandfather clause, but upholding its right to require pre-voting literacy tests, the Supreme Court confirmed the historic rights of the states to establish voter qualifications as long as they did not otherwise violate the U.S. Constitution. While it was a symbolic legal victory for African American voting rights, the Guinn ruling fell far short of immediately enfranchising black Southern citizens. At the time it was issued, the court’s ruling also nullified similar voter qualification provisions in the constitutions of Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and Virginia. While they could no longer apply grandfather clauses, their state legislatures enacted poll taxes and other means of restricting black voter registration. Even after the Twenty-Fourth Amendment prohibited the use of poll taxes in federal elections, five states continued to impose them in state elections. Not until 1966 did the U.S. Supreme Court declare poll taxes in state elections unconstitutional.   In final analysis, Guinn vs. United States decided in 1915, was a small, but a significant first legal step in the Civil Rights Movement toward racial equality in the United States. It was not until passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that all remaining legal barriers denying black Americans the right to vote under the Fifteenth Amendment- enacted nearly a century earlier- were finally outlawed. Sources and Further Reference Guinn v. United States (238 U.S. 347). Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute.Guinn v. United States (1915). Oklahoma Historical Society.Onion, Rebecca. The Impossible Literacy Test Louisiana Gave Black Voters in the 1960s. Slate (2013).Poll Taxes. Smithsonian National Museum of American History.

Extreme Mental and Financial Stress Research Paper

Extreme Mental and Financial Stress - Research Paper Example Attitude towards spending money also depends on the nature of a person. Romantic and beauty conscious people spend a large part of their money on dating, buying expensive cosmetics, and giving expensive gifts to their loved ones. Some people who are interested in the latest technologies spend their money on buying new laptops, the latest cameras, and other technological products. Some people also spend their money on charity and human welfare purposes. There are different people having a different attitude towards spending money. Some of the categories of people include people who think money is money, people who think money is everything, and Scrooge. Let us discuss all of these categories. There are some people who think that money is everything. They believe that they can buy everything with their money. Those people live a high standard of living and spend a lot of money in order to retain their status in society. Such people’s attitude is not towards saving money for futu re rather they focus on the present status of their lives. Those people, who think the money that money is everything, spend their money to fulfil various luxurious desires. Some of the desires of such people include buying a beautiful house, getting high standard education from the world’s top universities, buying latest cars, spending holidays in San Diego or Honolulu, and many other desires. Use of money has no limits rather it depends on the nature of the person who holds the money. It is also a common fact that the desires of a person increase with an increase in the resources and decrease with a decrease in the available resources. Attitude towards spending money also depends on the social status of the people.

Enron Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Enron - Research Paper Example The company regularly featured into the most innovative firms categories across America (McLean & Elkind, 2003).   The first investigations was of their complex and private networking with off-shore partners and then into their accounting practices. Enron bankruptcy is also known as largest audit failure in the history of America. The bankruptcy further led to the Arthur Andersen’s dissolution, which at that time were world’s fifth largest accountancy and audit partnerships. Before Enron bankrupted in the year 2001, its annual revenues increased from around 9 billion dollars in 1995 to more than 100 billion dollars in 2000. The audit after the investigation revealed that the company’s financial conditions were covered largely by systematic, institutionalized as well as creatively planned ethical and accounting fraud (Deli & Gillan, 2000). Thomas (2002a) examined the drop of the stock prices of the firm, which was less than 1 dollar per share by 2001 from 90 dollars per share, before the investigation. It was also found that Enron revised its annual financial statements over the past five years in order to cover its 586 million dollar losses. It was declared bankrupt on 2nd December, 2001 (Bartlett & Glin ­ska, 2001). The current research paper will analyze the event’s details included conflicts in interests, management as well as accounting fraud. The analyzing will consist of both corporation’s perception and individual’s perception. The broader perspective of the research paper is to examine the scandal from multiple perspectives. The background of the paper has provided a summary of the scandal and situation of the company before and after the scandal. The paper will throw light on the business model that was implemented by Enron and culture, legal and moral implications of the business model that impacted the company in its later stages. Special light on the transformational and trait leadership in

Technology Push Development

Technology Push Development Part 1: Short questions Technology push development: The Pebble watch is a radical innovation. Eric Migicovsky created a watch to use whilst bike riding, the watch had to communicate with his smart phone, providing message notifications. The technology was tested but the concept was new; creating a whole new market of smart watches. Figure 1: Pebble watch (Pebble Technology, 2012) Market pull development: The digital camera is an example of this, customers wanted a product that takes more pictures and shows results instantly, through technological advances incremental changes were made to go from a standard film camera taking 36 pictures, to digital cameras that can take 1000s. Figure 2: Rugby ball evolution (Image: History-Gilbert, N.D Rugby ball Wikipedia, N.D) The above figure shows how the rugby ball has evolved over time. Left- The first rugby ball made from pigs bladder stuffed inside leather housing, the size of the bladder determined the shape and size. Middle -The first official rugby ball, this had a rubber bladder, the shape and size could be controlled, this is due to material enhancements. Officials then called for a ball that is uniform in shape and size. Due to advancements in technology and manufacturing processes, we now have the ball on the right; made from plastic and rubber. Goal: This sets out the desired result or solution we want the design to achieve. This does not state how this should be achieved. Context: The target audience / market is set out in this section, who are we designing this new product for. Constraints: In this part we specify restrictions for the design such as budget, time frame, even things like materials that should be used, is placed in this section. Criteria: Is a wish list of things we would like the design to achieve. It provides a method of how the design solutions will be graded; the design that fulfils most of the criteria will be preferable. Figure 3: Android TV box Remote control The remote above is a good piece of equipment but in my opinion it has one main design failure. The remote communicates via infrared with the TV box, meaning if there is no clear line of sight: then the remote does not function. This can be very frustrating. The TV box has WIFI and Bluetooth capabilities built in; so by removing the infrared and replacing with a Bluetooth connection we could eliminate the need for line of sight making the remote a pleasure to use. User test: A group of selected persons are asked to use a product with a specific and controlled set of instructions so everyone uses the product in exactly the same manner and normally at the same time, unlike laboratory conditions but like a controlled home environment. User trials: The group of persons are given a product to use at their own homes for a set period; they will then provide feedback on how the product fits in with their normal daily lives, the things they liked and disliked or even when and where they used the product. Figure 4: Aston Martin Rapide S (Rapide S, 2017) Figure 5: Rapide S interior (Rapide S, 2017) I have been in one of these, its a dream car. The noise the engine makes raises the hairs on your neck, the smell and feel of the interior is pure elegance (Physio-pleasure).Owning one of these would make me belong to a group of people that enjoy the finer things in life (Socio-pleasure). Sitting behind the wheel makes you feel important and powerful (Psycho-pleasure). One of Aston Martins policies is to do whatever it takes to reduce their carbon footprint; because with power comes responsibility thus we are responsible for the world we live in (Ideo-pleasure). User profile: This is a collection of the distinguishing features of a particular group of people for example people between 16-30 years old are more likely to listen to pop music than say people between 50- 70 years of age. User persona: This is a fictional user created by the designer to assist in the design process. This user will be created out of one of the user profiles and will be described in detail down to a name and character traits. Ergonomics looks at how we as humans move and what our body limitations are; to create designs that are more compatible with our bodies. This study allows designs to improve usability of the products whether it is something that sits better in the palm of your hand thereby prolonging the length of time the user can use the product without straining the body or a chair that curves with the spine to improve circulation etcetera, it all involves the study of what works best with our bodies. Figure 6: Push-button tap (Push button tap, N.D) The timed-flow tap is a good example of inclusive design, even though it is designed to supply a timed amount of water, the way it is designed means that a much larger group of people can use this tap in comparison to a regular tap, this tap can be used by people with disabilities such as arthritis or even amputees. This product can be used by many people without the need for adapting it. I have tried to think a bit more like a designer by keeping in mind what would be important to a client but also considering human factors, I found this a bit of a challenge as I am a hands on kind of guy but I understand that this needs improvement from my part. I tried to stick to the same format for my TMA as I scored well in the last TMA. Word count 936 (limit 900) Part 2: Researching and writing a design brief. Section 1: Gathering information. A product to improve fitness: Treadmills Product Area: Three of the broader market sectors use products for improving fitness; Retail sector consists of personal users, the Commercial sector contains entities such as Health clubs and the Public sector has hospitals etcetera. (AMAResearch, 2016) Cardiovascular exercise combats a range of disorders and improves overall wellbeing, thus a bicycle, treadmill or rowing machine would be a good. (Metabolic disorders, 2016) In 2015 approximately 67% of people aged between 16-54 years met the minimum recommended exercise levels in the UK; providing potentially large market areas. (Physical activity statistics 2015, 2016) Market sales for treadmills are approximately 83 million per year (Yozgat, 2014); this may not be accurate but its worth looking into treadmills. Users: Statistic shows people on higher income tend to exercise on a regular basis (Physical activity statistics 2015, 2016); aiming at the middle to top-end of the market would be ideal. The people that use treadmills tend to be those that are trying to lose weight, may have medical conditions making an exercise machine that can measure heart-rate and blood pressure in valuable. The largest group of people that exercise are aged 25 to 54, the working age; they do it to feel good or look better. (Fitnessforweightloss, 2015) Product information: Figure 7: ARGOS catalogue part 1 (ARGOS spring/summer 2017, N.D) Figure 8: ARGOS catalogue part 2 (ARGOS spring/summer 2017, N.D) The Argos catalogue showed a range of treadmills costing  £100- £3500; this includes manual treadmills and motorised treadmills. Cheaper models were less sturdy, had a smaller running surface because higher speeds cannot be achieved. Lower end models had smaller motors thus unable to maintain set speeds when an incline is introduced, creating a weight restriction for user usage. Top range models fold away electronically; this could be a safety concern for younger children. Materials Technologies: Parts Table 12 Extrusion rails 11 Electric motor 3 Treadmill belt 12 Drive unit 45 Rollers 13 Motor hood cover 6 Running deck 14 Treadmill frame 7 End cap 15 Electric circuit board 8 Elevation motor actuator 16 Control unit 9 Motor pan 17 Hand rails 10 Motor fan 18 Electric supply unit Figure 9: Basic treadmill parts( c.searspartsdirect.com,N.D) Table 1:Parts table for figure 9 The main materials are Polyurethane, Nylon-Polyester (treadmill belt), Steel or aluminium (frame) and wood (running deck). These are good materials with good properties; theyre recyclable or renewable making them environmentally friendly. Figure 10: Basic unit (Jhony, 2017) Figure 11: Advanced unit (fitness-superstore.co.uk, N.D.) As can be seen from above figures the control units can be basic to very advance; measuring all aspects of the fitness routine. Technologies already incorporated into treadmills are heart-rate monitoring sensors and blood pressure sensors. Theres opportunity to add ECG monitoring or Bio-electrical impedance for body fat measuring. I have a safety concern about treadmills that operate without a user being on it, this could cause harm to children. Word count 399 (limit 400) Section 2: Research Figure 12: Outer box Figure 13: Inner packaging Figure 14: Possibility of trapping wiring Figure 15: Cheap plastic part Figure 16: Feet rest with roller for moving Figure 17: MP3 connection User Research:User trip on a Reebok ZR9 treadmill, beginning at unpacking, assembly and first time use. During each stage I stopped and took note of my feelings, what I found interesting or disappointing. I was experiencing all four pleasures, something I have never taken notice of before, the Reebok brand made me feel like an athlete, the control unit made me feel excited about the different routines I could try out, the smooth lines of the treadmill is a pleasure to look at and professionalism is evident in all aspects. Points to note, packaging creates initial feeling of excitement and professionalism. Assembly was simple and clearly laid out, a concern is that electrical wiring could get trapped during assembly. Some parts looked cheap, not in keeping with design. Using the treadmill is user-friendly, no method of measuring weight and as I have no MP3 player the function to connect to one is of no use, create a wireless connection so any media can be played through the speakers. User trips are good for experiencing the pleasures but may be biased; I found I was willing to overlook faults. Prior operation knowledge meant I have learnt to navigate around nuisances meaning I may have missed something. I interviewed a personnel trainer at my local gym, this was very informative; I was able to learn a lot about what types of people use treadmills, when and for what reasons they use it, the trainer also pointed out some user tendencies. Interviews widen the variety of information available to you as designer. Things to note, treadmills are mainly used as a weight loss device and novice users only use the quick start function as they feel intimidated by all the different settings and functions. User Profile: I initially split my potential users into 3 groups, this was done by splitting them into age groups (15 to 23, 24-56 and 57+ years), I chose to do a user profile for the group aged between 24 to 56 years because this seems to be the group more likely to use and buy a treadmill based on their characteristics. User characteristics Treadmill users aged 24 to 56 years characteristics GenderBoth male and female. Physical limitationsMay range from fully-able bodied people to having some limitations such as, hearing and sight problems, mobility problems such as loss of a limb, can also range in shape and size. EducationLittle or no education, unable to read or write up to very high levels of education. Computer/IT skillsLikely to be well educated in computer literacy and technological advances. MotivationCan range from being well motivated to use a treadmill for social interaction, enhancing fitness state, relaxation (stress reduction) or controlling body weight to unmotivated to use it because of health reasons. AttitudeLikely to be positive depending on how effective the treadmill can provide the required training levels and features the user may be expecting. FinanceLow to high levels of income, more likely to be on higher levels of income as career tends to be well grounded at this stage. Daily physical activityMay range from being inactive due to working in an office; to very active working as a postal worker for example. Exercise equipment experienceVery likely to have experience in the use of a range of exercise equipment. LifestyleLikely to be athletic viewing exercise as fun, be sports-savvy viewing sport as a fashion statement, may be health oriented -likes to have a specific diet or may have medical reasons for keeping fit. User Persona: Leroy (Persona for the treadmill users aged 24 to 56 year group) Leroy is a 28 year old male. He works as a stock broker and earns  £80 000 per year, graduated from Queen Mary University with a MSc Wealth Management degree. Leroy is in a steady relationship with Claire, they are living in a spacious three bedroom upmarket apartment in a London suburb, it is situated near a large gym and very close to an Underground station; this makes travelling to pubs, shops and other amenities very simple. He lives a very fast paced life, takes great pride in his image. Shopping for good expensive clothing is important as this makes him stand out from others. Leroy plays squash with his friend Paul in the mornings to get him in the right frame of mind for work; this helps because he is very competitive. After work he will meet Claire at the Gym to do some cardio on the treadmill, this helps them to relax after a tough day. Having a treadmill at home will free up some time that he would appreciate spending with his friends and family. I used the persona activity to create a template for my persona, I immersed myself in to it, I imagined myself as Leroy, I know this may not be a true reflection of a real person and asking someone else to complete a persona notebook would perhaps give me views I could not imagine. Word count 849 (limit 800) Section 3: Detailed design brief Goal: To design a motorised treadmill that will improve overall fitness levels of the user according to their current state of health and well-being; with minimal programming input from the user. Context: People use treadmills for weight-loss, relaxation and stress-management or to maintain and improve their health and well-being. The main reason users dont exercise is; a lack of time, figuring out what program is best for the users goal is time consuming and confusing thus most users tend to use the basic stop start functions; making the user experience mundane and therefore the user is less likely to stay motivated. Users that have a goal to work towards or that is stimulated audio-visually are more likely to stay motivated and return to exercise more frequently. This brief provides an opportunity to challenge the traditional image of the treadmill that is seen as mundane by creating something interesting that forms part of the users everyday life. Constraints: The design must: User-centred, ease of use and functions to be self-explanatory. Energy-efficient, energy consumption must have an energy-efficiency rating of A or better. Non-moving parts to last lifespan of the design. All parts must be recyclable or come from a renewable source. Ready for market launch within a maximum of 5 years. To retail at approximately  £750. Able to connect with a variety of devices. Maintain a maximum speed of up to 16 km per hour with a maximum user load of up to 140kg. The running-deck must have a minimum running area of 135cm x 46cm. Mains operated. Be safe and reliable Criteria: The design should: Usable by able bodied and disable bodied users, limitations can include sight problems, hearing-loss and loss of limbs or mobility issues such as arthritis. Appeal to male and female users aged between 16-56 years. Require little to no maintenance. Assembly should be simple and easy to follow. Able to be stored neatly and compactly. Be easy to move during storage. Word Count 324 (limit 300) References ARGOS (2017) ARGOS spring / summer 2017, ARGOS. Aston Martin Rapide S (2017) Aston Martin. Available at: http://www.astonmartin.com/cars/rapide-s (Accessed: 4 February 2017). C.Searspartsdirect.com (No Date) Available at: http://c.searspartsdirect.com/lis_png/PLDM/P9110011-00001.png (Accessed: 6 February 2017). FitnessforWeightLoss (2015) Gym statistics: Members, equipment, and cancellations. Available at: http://www.fitnessforweightloss.com/gym-statistics-members-equipment-and-cancellations/ (Accessed: 4 February 2017). Fitness-Superstore.co.uk (No Date) Available at: http://www.fitness-superstore.co.uk/technogym-spazio-forma-folding-treadmill-with-training-link.html (Accessed: 3 January 2017). FreeGreatPicture (2016) Free photo man sports competition game Racquetball exercise. Available at: http://maxpixel.freegreatpicture.com/Man-Sports-Competition-Game-Racquetball-Exercise-89823 (Accessed: 9 February 2017). Image: History Gilbert (no date) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gilbertsa.co.za%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F01%2Fhistory31.jpgimgrefurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gilbertsa.co.za%2Fhistory%2Fdocid=8eSbVl-aVYRhrMtbnid=wdHhJhz5Z8ZayM%3Avet=1w=725h=275bih=636biw=1242q=rugby%20ball%20historyved=0ahUKEwjGo7jm0vbRAhXBD8AKHW8oAyoQMwgeKAIwAgiact=mrcuact=8#h=275imgrc=wdHhJhz5Z8ZayM:vet=1w=725 (Accessed: 4 February 2017). Image: Rugby ball Wikipedia (no date) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F3%2F35%2FRichard_Lindon_(1816-1887).jpg%2F150px-Richard_Lindon_(1816-1887).jpgimgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRugby_balldocid=lW8pE2oOw1kUKMtbnid=JYnP6tWeXFBirM%3Avet=1w=150h=218bih=636biw=1242q=rugby%20ball%20historyved=0ahUKEwjGo7jm0vbRAhXBD8AKHW8oAyoQMwgpKA0wDQiact=mrcuact=8#h=218imgrc=JYnP6tWeXFBirM:vet=1w=150 (Accessed: 4 February 2017). Jhony (2017) Buy Opti manual folding treadmill at Argos.Co.Uk your online shop for treadmills, fitness equipment, sports and leisure. Available at: http://www.argos.co.uk/product/6127743 (Accessed: 6 February 2017). Metabolic disorders (2016) Available at: http://www.technogym.com/gb/business-solution/metabolic-disorders/ (Accessed: 3 January 2017). Pebble Technology (2012) Pebble watch trio group 04 Available at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pebble_watch_trio_group_04.png (Accessed: 23 January 2017). Physical activity statistics 2015 (2016) Available at: https://www.bhf.org.uk/publications/statistics/physical-activity-statistics-2015 (Accessed: 4 January 2017). Push button tap (no date) Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=push+button+tapespv=2biw=1242bih=636source=lnmstbm=ischsa=Xved=0ahUKEwjh3-aK1_bRAhVTOMAKHZ7gACkQ_AUIBygC#imgrc=AQF6rJotS-erZM: (Accessed: 4 February 2017). The Open University (2013) Designing for people: Book 2, Milton Keynes, The Open University. Yozgat, B. (2014) How many treadmills are sold each year? Available at: http://www.howmanyarethere.net/how-many-treadmills-are-sold-each-year/ (Accessed: 4 January 2017). (The references are not included in the word count)

Bank of America Marketing Plan Essay

Abstract Bank of America is a financial institution, serving individual consumers, small and middle market businesses, corporations and Governments with a range of banking, investing, asset management and other financial and risk management products and services. I choose Bank of America for many reasons: it is brand name and good financial position largest bank in the America market and stable and growing sector in US. Through its banking and various nonbanking subsidiaries throughout the United States and in international markets, the Company provides a range of banking and nonbanking financial services and products through five business segments: Consumer & Business Banking, Consumer Real Estate Services, Global Banking, Global Markets and Global Wealth & Investment Management. Bank Of America Marketing Plan Current Situation Bank of America is a financial institution, serving individual consumers, small and middle market businesses, corporations and Governments with a range of banking, investing, asset management and other financial and risk management products and services. Through its banking and various nonbanking subsidiaries throughout the United States and in international markets, the Company provides a range of banking and nonbanking financial services and products through five business segments: Consumer & Business Banking, Consumer Real Estate Services, Global Banking, Global Markets and Global Wealth & Investment Management. In October 2013, Bank of America Corporation announced the completion of the merger of its Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. subsidiary into Bank of America Corporation. Competitors Some of Bank of America competitors are Wells Fargo, HSBC, JPMorgan, and Citigroup. Market Objectives Meredith Verdone, is Bank of America’s head of brand marketing. In an interview she said that the bank is trying to have more â€Å"humility† approach for a change. Bank of America focus is on customer needs. Bank of America has a new campaign; â€Å"life is better when we are connected.† Message of bank of America is to be in the background and help people in their day-to-day lives. Product Strategy Bank of America offers products and services to consumers and businesses. It offers checking, Savings, credit cards, loans, mortgages and investing options. Bank of America has competitive price based on the product and services they offer to their clients. Place Bank of America serves its cliental worldwide. It is based locally and internationally. Promotion Strategy The launch of the consumer campaign gave Bank of America’s retail branches, outfitting them with iPads and ATMs with videoconferencing capabilities– as well as improvements to the bank’s website and mobile offerings. Bank of America claims that they see 50,000 downloads a week of its mobile app. Action Programs Bank of America uses more human advertising and approach to its client. It wants to be involved with client’s day-to-day activities. They frequently advertise on television using real situations with the logo â€Å" life is better when we are connected.† Budget Bank of America’s annual marketing budget is $2billion. Measurements Salaries The average salary for measurements & reporting analyst bank of America jobs is $42,000. Average measurements & reporting analyst bank of America salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. WOT Analysis SWOT Analysis Strengths Weaknesses Strong brand name and good financial position Largest bank in the America market Stable and growing banking sector in US Excellent Service and product innovation Over 285,000 employee across the world Serves clients more than 150 countries ATM Convenience Weak asset position Consumer credit controversies Bad Mortgages Criticized by its customers for raising interest rates High staff turnover Weak wholesale banking Opportunities Threats Expansion in other countries Diversifying portfolios for customers Growing credit card value for the consumers Further consolidation in the banking industry Changing government regulations and financial crisis like recessions Competition from other banks Restrictions in capital market The Mission Statement of Bank of America: â€Å"Our mission is to offer lending and investment products that Serve low-and moderate-income individuals and families Improve underserved low- and moderate-income communities Create sustainable practices for the long haul†

Quotes

Gambling was so crucial to the economy of certain household that semi- espectable women slept with Jockeys to get closer to † the horse's mouth. (page 50) – 11. â€Å"Most OndaatJes liked liquor, sometimes to excess. Most of them were hot tempered- though they blamed diabetes for this when ever possible. † (page 57) – This song can represent Michael's mom Doris Gratian and his dad Mermlyn's relationship, how in the beginning of their love it was very strong but when merlvyen started drinking their love was cold and crushed and how they ended up separating. This represents how during 1935 women wanted to get married and would fight to get the best men, and would do anything to get him.This quote means that since the horses were used for military purposes. But the races conflicted with it because every one wanted to own a horse and affected the economy. Horses were used tor gambling and they were being mistreated everyone would want too see the recesses and d id not change the date of the races s for anything because it was so important for everyone. After they had put in all their money and realized hey had lost they would start leavening like ants so they wouldn't be seen as losers.This quote explains how valuable the horses were and how people put all their money into the horses. They would even sleep next to them to protect the horses. People would put in money so they can own at least a leg. The Ondaatje family would drink and blame it on diabetes to make an excuse. And to make it seem like it was Just in their blood. 12. â€Å"God loves a drunk. † (page 59)- â€Å"Reading torn 100-year-old newspaper clippings that come apart in your hands like et sand, information tough as plastic dolls. (page 69) â€Å"There is a myth that if a child is given thalagoya tongue to eat he will become brillianty articulate,†¦ † (page 73) â€Å"The Sinhalese are beyond a doubt one of the least musical people in the world. It would be quite impossible to have less sense of pitch, line, or rhythm. † ( page 76) â€Å"Ceylon is an experience-but heavens, not a permanence. † (page 78) â€Å"All Jungles are evil. † (page 78) â€Å"Sweat runs with its own tangible life down a body as if a giant egg has been broken nto our shoulders. (page 79) â€Å"Heat disgraces foreigners. † (page 80) â€Å"A perfumed sea.